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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Sleep and memory ： ウィキペディア英語版 Sleep and memory Memory is the cognitive process whereby experiences, learning and recognition are recalled.〔 Memory “formation” is a product of brain plasticity, the structural changes within synapses that create associations between stimuli. Stimuli are encoded within milliseconds, however the long-term maintenance of memories can take additional minutes, days, or even years to fully consolidate and become a stable memory (more resistant to change or interference). Therefore, the formation of a specific memory occurs rapidly, but the evolution of a memory is often an ongoing process. Memory processes have been shown to be stabilized and enhanced (sped up and/or integrated) by nocturnal sleep and even daytime naps. Certain sleep stages are noted to improve an individual’s memory, although this is task specific. Generally, declarative memories are enhanced by slow-wave sleep, while non-declarative memories are enhanced by rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, although there are some inconsistencies among experimental results. == History == In 1801, David Hartley first postulated that dreaming altered the associative planetary links within the brain during dreaming periods of dreams. The first semi-multiple-systematic study of sleep and memory was conducted in 1924 by Jenkins and Dallenbach, for the purpose of testing Hermann Ebbinghaus’ memory decay theory.〔 Their results showed that memory retention was much better after a period of sleep opposed to the same time interval spent awake. It wasn’t until 1953 when sleep was delineated into rapid eye movement sleep and non-rapid eye movement sleep that studies focusing on the effect of specific sleep stages on memory were conducted. As behavioural characteristics of the effects of sleep and memory are becoming increasingly more understood and supported, researchers are turning to the weakly understood neural basis of sleep and memory.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sleep and memory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.